You can run any esxcli command via PowerCLI with the Get-EsxCli cmdlet as well.
To run the command esxcli storage core device vaai status getjust do this in PowerCLI:
$esxcli = Get-EsxCli -VMhost esx01.local
$esxcli.storage.core.device.vaai.status.get()
See the documentation for more info: